![]() ![]() Numerous studies 1-5 over the last two decades have documented that medical students, residents, and even academic internists in many countries recognize less than 40% of abnormal heart sounds. The current state-of-the-art of cardiac auscultation can only be described as disappointing. ![]() Web-based instruction and testing allows repeated listening and testing in a convenient and cost-effective manner. Students often need to take the posttest more than once to demonstrate proficiency. In addition, web-based testing facilitates the use of a mastery model for clinical skill acquisition. With available Internet downloading of mp3 files containing the requisite auditory repetition, medical students, general internists and even cardiologists can now access this auditory learning at a time and place of their own convenience. In going from classroom learning in a monitored setting to clinical rotations using compact discs, we have found that the required number of repetitions (500) for mastery of each cardiac murmur can be achieved in a clinical setting within 15 minutes. The auditory learning process intrinsic to mastering heart murmurs follows proven psychoacoustic principles in that an auditory template of each new sound must be created by the brain in order to store that sound in long-term memory. Auscultation Teaching Devices and Materials by John FinleyĬardiac auscultation is, in part, a technical skill that improves dramatically with intensive repetition in a short timeframe. Vocalization and Imitation in Learning Sound Recognition by John Finley Recommended Curricula for Teaching Heart Sounds Auscultation by John Finley, Michael Barrett & Andrew Mackie Heart Sounds Auscultation: Learning from the Nursing Perspective by Nancy ONeill Technical Aspects of Effective Teaching of Auscultation by Brian Hoyt, John Finley Music at the Heart of the Matter by Robert Ellis An Auditory Training Program for the Recognition of Innocent and Pathological Heart Murmurs by Rachel Caissie, John Finley and Pam Nicol Auditory Training: From Speech Sounds to Heart Sounds by Rachel Caissie The Power of Repetition in Mastering Cardiac Auscultation by Michael Barrett, Matthew W. Assessment of Performance of Auscultation by John Finley ![]() Auscultation: A Review of Teaching Methods by Andrew S. Teaching Heart Sounds to Health Professionals by Douglas Roy Auscultation Teaching Devices and Materials John Finley Vocalization and Imitation in Learning Sound Recognition John Finley Recommended Curricula for Teaching Heart Sounds Auscultation John Finley, Michael Barrett, Andrew Mackie Heart Sounds Auscultation: Learning from the Nursing Perspective Nancy ONeill Technical Aspects of Effective Teaching of Auscultation Brian Hoyt, John Finley Music at the Heart of the Matter Robert Ellis ![]() An Auditory Training Program for the Recognition of Innocent and Pathological Heart Murmurs Rachel Caissie, John Finley, Pam Nicol Auditory Training: From Speech Sounds to Heart Sounds Rachel Caissie The Power of Repetition in Mastering Cardiac Auscultation Michael Barrett, Matthew W. Assessment of Performance of Auscultation John Finley Auscultation: A Review of Teaching Methods Andrew S. Teaching Heart Sounds to Health Professionals Douglas Roy ![]()
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